Rivet setting arm



Dec. 5, 1950 F. A. MARTY 2,532,928

RIVET SETTING ARM Filed Aug. 2, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet l Frank A. MarfyINVENTOR.

BY ATTORNEV Filed Aug. 2, 1943 Dec. 5 1950 v MARTY 2,532,928

RIVET SETTING ARM I Y 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 gig at [5 49 26a (366 W}! y 3 WAS280 E/ "28a 36 a 4444 1, I Frank ,4. Maffy IIIIIIIIL INVENTOR BY g IATTORNEY Patented Dec. 5, 1950 emiik 'iv'fiariy, Lee Angel'e's,

neu iee Aircraft Company, mm, 'Sitfit'a, Mon-- tee, emit.

:Apn iicaltion efiguetz, 194's, ser'iamo. 497,109

(cine- 52) A 'fl ifthf'objeet "'01" "the invention is to piovide arivet"'s"etti'r"ig2iffn 'wiiieir'serves "both to nesitiontnerivet 'i'n"therivetho'le and'to clamp the fn'etel 'of the parts being rivetedadjacent the rivet'hoie 'during the upsetting operation and at'th't'eiffiiri'afion "of Said upsetting operation to eaeitrveiy arrestlfiCiVEmeht' of the "rivet set thereby preventing deformation'of themetal due tosaid opre'tion.

*Afiother object "er the invention to provide 'e'rivet setting'arnrheving improved ineansfor naming 'a rivet inpesi'aien' so that therivet may befajeeurately registered with the riv'ethoie.

"Still furti'ie'r 'o'bjeets and features of the invention may"hereinefter appear from the following description taken in conjunctionwith the ee 'com oanying'd'rawing's.

The invention is' described and illustrated in a"pr"efeir'ed Torinapplied to 'a-rivet setting alrnfidesigneii so that-itmay be Substitutedfor 'the eorres o'nciing pa'rt i'na known make of rivet- ?i'ngmaohineg-bnt various "modifications of the nesenwaemmemmn of theinvention may be n iade 'without-departingfrom thescope of the invention's defined by the appended claims.

the irewings, in which identical numerals ingiitiete identical parts,

g Fi'gnr'el is -'a viewin said elevation-showing heedore rivetinginaehine'fitted with the arm-of rny invention.

Figure-2 is a pers 'pective view partly in sectio'n on an 'enlargedscale of the rivet setting arm oginy inveiitien.

tner-ivet-ehee the "rivet setting arm to support the *ii've't untilhushed out M saici-settine-erm byerivetset.

Figures "4 and 5 ere Section-a1 views taken-on the tine-fl t of Fi-gure'2 show ng the rel-'eitive "positionshf a rive't and the positioningpins in the riveting arm shoe at different Stages of :theo'peraktive'movement of the rivet set.

'F'i'guTe- B isa sec-tionalview teken en the line 5 4 of Figure 2showing the positien of ithe parts-during the mini stage'of "driving therivet head.

='Figure 1 shows the head-e1" a riveting quaehi-ne in which the deviceof the invention is substituted for a similar part; the actuating meanser *the m ach'in'e operating the r-i-vet -setfingerof thisinventienwithout anychan'ge. Suh ecteating --me'ans'do not enter "intothe 'veiition and therefore with only bee-generallydescribed '-as tar es-=may be :nec'essary to a tandem s'teind the ep'plieatien 'of -th'einve'ntien.

The me'ehine-compr-i's'es genera11y e 'G-s'haped @1'3'12616 4 B'-prov-ided *W'ith a, *head -12 -in *whieh is moiinted a suitableqnetoneper'eting-e set M for 'v'ertio'a'l "reeipi'ocatory mevemen't, the-set exerting fe'rce downwardly against an anvil t8 mounted on thefreime l fleelow the set.

The *einvil F6 "hasinourite'd usually therein --a stem #8 W hieh isprejeted upwejrily aga iris't the ivork and 1ocked -t'o act=as a punchwhen the =set 'forces a fi-ie downwardi'y"thereover but is'fred -to-movedownwardly mm the anvil tofor-mn part thereof under the pressure-of theset when a rive't is to be-upset -inthe hcfle previously punched. "Thestem 1 B ds of interest to the disclosure of thi's-inventio'i-i"only-inthe flatter capei t'y.

"The head I'2 carries -''a; pan-r of -cy'1ind'ei's fitted t'ii-thphingers' -on-'0n'e of Which-is mounte'dm die carrier. The 'otherplunger-carries a rivet setting arin ef this -'inventi'on, "this latter:iili-irige'r cooperating -inthe actuationofthe rivet settin arm.

'lh'edie carryingerma'nd the rivetsetting arm are alternately-"swunginto position below'the eet 14-when the a tter isfin raised positioneniifirst the "die,"-a;nd, on the next downward fmovetnepnrpo'se o fm'ounting'rivetpositioning means, 'Ieter descrils'ed "end' to e'cta's"-a. clamp upon the 3 work around the rivet during the final formingof the driven rivet head. It is pointed out that since shoe 22 isunitary and the work engaging face thereof smooth and unbroken and ofconsiderable area, no marring of the sheet being riveted can occur.

Shoe 22 is provided with a central bore 25 having a diameter such thatthe heads of rivets of the size being used may slide easily through theshoe, the upper end of the bore preferably being flared to facilitateentry of rivets, stem first, into the bore. Set Hi is of such form as tofit easily in the bore and at the limit of its downward movementcompletely fills the bore, the lower end of the set being then levelwith the work face of shoe 22. The force to upset the rivet is appliedby the work face of the set is to the rivet head and the force necessaryto clamp the shoe 22 on the work is transmitted to the upper face of theshoe through shoulder it formed on set M. The shoe 22 is provided withbores 28 28 28, of equal diameter extending radially from bore 26 to theouter surface of the shoe, the bores being arranged at equal angles toone another and in a common horizontal plane.

Pins 33 33, 38, are mounted in bores 28 28 28 with a sliding fit, theinward movement of the pins being limited by heads 32 32* 32 at theouter ends of the pins, and the pins be- P ing held against rotation intheir movement by slots 34*, 34, 36 and threaded pins 36 39, 36,

tted into tapped bores in the head and projecting into said slots.

The pins 38*, 3% 38 are normally held in inward position by a length ofspiral spring 38 of small diameter which acts upon all three pins, beingreceived in grooves 4%, 53 36 in the heads of the pins. The upperportion of the inner end of each pin is formed with an inwardly anddownwardly bevelled surface. The force exerted by the set when itengages the bevelled surfaces of the pins 39 or the head of a rivet l Isupported thereon is suficient to overcome the resistance of a springtending to raise the riveting arm, but is not sufficient to causeoutward displacement of the pins until the shoe contacts the work.

The inner ends of the pins serve to support the rivet in the bore untilthe set M in its downward movement holds the rivet between its lowerface and the upper face of the punch member E8. The inner ends of pins30 38 are bevelled both to support the head of the rivet and also to actas cam surfaces for engagement by the set in its downward movement aftershoe 22 rests upon the work to free the rivet for downward movement. Theshoe shown in the drawings is used with a 100 countersunk rivet and theangle of the bevel on the pins is about 30, but the angle of the bevelcan, of course, be of any suitable degree. The rivet head, therefore,contacts the bevelled surfaces only at its uppermost circular edge,which avoids underscoring of the heads of the rivets. The length of thepins is such that when the pins are in inward position, the verticalfaces at the inner ends of the pins form a triangular opening by whichthe rivets are maintained in vertical position to seat accurately uponthe upper face of the punch I8 when the rivet is allowed to movedownwardly in the shoe by the outward movement of pins Sil 30 3d causedby the inward movement of the set M.

The depth of the shoe 22 and the level therein of the pins 30 30, 30 aresuch that the rivet is supported in the shoe with its end projectingsufiiciently below the lower face of the shoe to facilitate accuratepositioning of the rivet in the rivet hole.

While the rivet setting arm of the invention has been described as usedwith countersunk rivets it is obvious that the rivet setting arm can beadapted for use with other types of rivet. Accordingly a number of rivetsetting arms are provided to enable one machine to handle differentforms or sizes of rivet. It will be noted that the rivet setting armsand sets can readily be changed, as is common practice in rivetingmachines of this type.

In operation, the arm 24 swings to and from a rivet magazine during therivet hole punching operation according to known practice, the rivetfalling, stem first, into the central bore in the shoe 22 and coming torest with its stem in the opening formed by the inner ends of pins 36 363t and with its head supported on the beveled surface formed on theupper portion of the inner ends of the pins. On the return from therivet magazine, the shoe 22 is positioned above the punch means 18 inwhich the punch member has been freed from the positive abutment meanswhich holds the punch during the punching operation. The punch means atthis time is held in projecting position by the frictional grip of thepunched metal and a spring, but can be forced downwardly to form thecontrol portion of the bottom of a rivet head forming recess, by thedownward movement of the rivet set during the rivet upsetting operation.They punch unit and the set are of conventional design, for

which reason no more specific description of these parts is considerednecessary.

When shoe 22 has been swung into rivet setting position and the rivetset has been brought into operation, the functioning of the rivetsetting shoe of my invention is as follows:

In Figure 4 a flush head rivet commonly referred to as 100 countersunkrivet l l is supported in shoe 22 by pins 3%, 39 3& with the end of therivet shank projecting slightly below the lower face of shoe 22 tofacilitate accurate positioning of the rivet. The rivet set at this timeis descending into the bore in the riveting shoe. As the rivet setcontinues downward movement the lower {I fiat surface of the set strikesagainst the beveled surface of the pins or against a rivet head restingon said beveled surfaces, and as spring means tending to raise the rivetsetting arm offer less resistance to displacement than the pins heldinwardly by spring 33, the set moves the shoe 22 downwardly until theshoe rests upon the work. The continued downward movement of the setmoves the pins radially outward, forcing the rivet ahead of it anddriving the punch downward against the resistance of the aforementionedspring until the punch reaches the limit of its downward movement whereit forms the central portion of the bottom of the recess in which theupsetting of the head now takes place. The rivet set continues downwardmovement until level with the lower surface of the shoe I2 which isresting upon the work, the forming of the driven head of the rivet beingthen completed. During the last phase of this operation shoulder l5 onthe set engages shoe 22 to clamp it down upon the work, but due to thesmooth unitary work face of shoe 22 no marring of the work can occur.

It will be noted that minor variations in the shape of the rivet headmay cause the rivet set to engage the rivet head before it can strikethe beveled ends of the pins but the operation described is not in anyway affected.

It is pointed out that a rivet of a given size is substantially held toa true position b a rivet setting arm designed for that size of rivet,since, even if the rivet head is released by the positioning pins anddrops away from the rivet set for a brief interval before the rivet setagain engages the head, this time interval is too short to permitmaterial tilting of the rivet to occur.

It is also pointed out that the shoe 22 of the rivet setting arm isfirmly pressed against the work during completion of the rivet upsettingoperation, thereby guarding against deformation of the metal surroundingthe rivet, but because of the smooth character of the extended area ofthe lower face of the unitary head and the flat surface of the rivet setwhich is level therewith, marring of the surface of the work is avoided.

The rivet setting arm of my invention as illustrated has proved verysatisfactory in service but it is evident that various modifications ofthe illustrative embodiment herein described may be devised, as forinstance, to enable rivets of varying sizes to be used without changingthe setting arm and shoe. By using a suitable rivet setting arm andrivet set all types of rivets can be used and I claim all suchmodifications as may fall within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A rivet setting device comprising: a unitary rivet setting shoehaving a first uniplanar work face and a second, opposed face; a rivetreceiving bore formed in said shoe and passing therethrough at rightangles to said work face; means mounted on said shoe for disengageablysupporting a rivet in said bore; and a rivet set having a shank portionof substantially the same diameter as said bore and reciprocable thereinto force a rivet axially therethrough; said rivet set carrying anunyielding abutment for directly and positively engaging said secondface to limit the inward movement of said set relative to said shoe andto positively force said shoe into pressure engagement with a worksheet; said abutment being spaced from the free end of saidshank-portion a distance equal to or less than the distance from theplane of said work face to the point of contact of said abutment withsaid second face; the area of said work face being larger than the crosssectional area of said bore.

2; A rivet setting device comprising: a rivet setting shoe having afirst uniplanar Work face for engaging a work sheet and a second,opposed face; a rivet receivingfore formed in said shoe and passingtherethrough at right angles to said work face; means mounted on saidshoe for disengageably supporting a rivet in said bore; and a,- rivetset having a shank portion of substantially the same diameter as saidbore and reciprocable therein to force a rivet axially therethrough;said rivet set carrying an abutment at a fixed, predetermined positionwith respect thereto for directly engaging said second face to limit themovement of the set into the shoe and to positively force said shoe intopressural engagement with a work sheet; said abutment being spaced fromthe free end of said shank portion a distance equal to the distance fromthe plane of said work to the point of contact of said abutment withsaid second face; the area of said work face being larger than the crosssectional area of said bore; and said work face and the free end of saidset combining to provide a uniplanar work face constituting in effect asolid bucking bar having a smooth contact face of considerably largerarea than that of said set alone.

3. In combination with a riveting machine including mechanism to drive areciprocatable rivet set: a rivet setting shoe having a uniplanar workface for engaging a work sheet; an abut-v ment on said shoe spaced fromsaid work face; a rivet receiving bore formed in said shoe and passingtherethrough at right angles to the work face; means on said shoe fordisengageably supporting a rivet in said bore; and a rivet set having ashank portion of substantially the same diameter as said bore anddrivable by said mechanism to reciprocate in said bore and drive a rivetaxially therethrough; the free end of said shank portion having a flatface at right angles to the shank axis; an abutment on said set at apre-' determined distance from the free end adapted to engage theabutment on said shoe to limit the telescoping action of said set andshoe and to force said shoe into pressural engagement with a work sheet;said predetermined distance being equal to the distance from the workface of said shoe to the abutment on said shoe; said work face and thefree end of said set combining to provide a uniplanar work faceconstituting in effect a solid bucking bar having a smooth contact faceconsiderably larger than that of said set alone drivable by saidmechanism into contact with a work sheet and a rivet therein.

FRANK A. MARTY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 225,482 Mower Mar. 16, 1880833,441 Caskey Oct. 16, 1906 2,056,559 Berliner Oct. 6, 1936 2,230,518Weinhold Feb. 4, 1941 2,310,008 Wolff Feb. 2, 1943 2,320,360 Grey June1, 1943 2,340,552 Mortl Feb. 1, 1944

